In 1915 Royal Norwegian Navy established Marinens Flyvebatfabrikk (naval flying-boat factory) at Horten, built various Farman, Hansa-Brandenburg, Douglas and Breda designs, plus own designs M.F.8 trainer, M.F.9 fighter, M.F.10 advanced trainer, M.F.11 reconnaissance and M.F.12 primary trainer, all float seaplanes.